In the mid-twentieth century, a few scientists began to explore a new approach to building intelligent machines, based on recent discoveries in neuroscience, a new mathematical theory of information, the development of cybernetics, and, above all, by the invention of the digital computer, a machine that could simulate a process. Computational thinking humanity. He founded the modern field of artificial intelligence research at a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956. These attendees became leaders in artificial intelligence research for several decades, especially John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Allen Noel, and Herbert Simon, who founded artificial intelligence laboratories at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of... Carnegie Mellon (CMU) and Stanford, they and their students wrote programs that surprised most people. The computer solved algebra problems, proved logical theorems, and spoke English. By the mid-1960s, this research was generously funded by the US Department of Defense. These researchers made the following predictions: 1965, AH. a. Simon: “Within twenty years, machines will be able to do any job that a human being can do.” 1967, Marvin Minsky: “Within one generation...the problem of creating 'artificial intelligence' will be largely solved.” But they failed to realize the difficulty of some of the problems they faced. 1974 In the early 1980s, artificial intelligence research experienced a reawakening with the commercial success of “expert systems,” artificial intelligence programs that mimic the knowledge and analytical skills of one or more human experts. By 1985, AI research had reached more than $1 billion in market profits, and governments began funding again. A few years later, starting with the collapse of the Lisp machine market in 1987, artificial intelligence research experienced another, but longer, setback. In the 1990s and early 2000s, artificial intelligence achieved greater successes, albeit somewhat behind the scenes. AI is used in logistics, data mining, medical diagnostics and many other fields throughout the technology industry. This success is due to several factors: the greater power of computers today (see Moore's Law), the increased focus on solving specific sub-problems, the creation of new relationships between the field of artificial intelligence and other areas of work on similar problems, and above all, researchers have begun to commit to strong mathematical approaches. And strict scientific standards
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